نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی، گروه ایمنی شناسی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپور اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 عضو هیات علمی، گروه داخلی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپور اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

3 کارشناس معاونت پژوهشی، دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

انتخاب رشته تخصص توسط دانشجویان پزشکی موضوع مهمی است زیرا پیامدهای قابل ملاحظه‌ای بر ترکیب و کیفیت نیروی انسانی مورد نیاز بخش بهداشت و درمان در جامعه دارد. هدف این مطالعه بررسی گرایشات دانشجویان پزشکی سال آخر در انتخاب رشته تخصصی و مقایسه آن با ظرفیت‌های پذیرش دستیار تخصصی در دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپور اهواز بود.این مطالعه توصیفی_تحلیلی به صورت سرشماری روی دانشجویان سال آخر رشته پزشکی در سال تحصیلی 97_1396 انجام شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه محقق ساخته‌ای که روایی و پایایی آن در یک مطالعه مقدماتی بررسی و تأیید شد، گردآوری گردید. در تحلیل داده‌ها از روش‌های آمار توصیفی و تحلیلی و نرم افزارSPSS-22  استفاده شد.بیش از 50 درصد (205/114) دانشجویان پزشکی متقاضی سه رشته رادیولوژی، چشم پزشکی و پوست بودند، در حالی که ظرفیت دانشگاه برای این رشته‌ها فقط 10 درصد (154/16) اعلام شده بود؛  بر عکس متقاضیان سه رشته طب اورژانس، داخلی و کودکان که ظرفیت آن‌ها 37 درصد (154/55) اعلام شده بود، تنها 3 درصد (205/6) از دانشجویان بودند. آزمون مجذور کای نشان داد در برخی موارد بین اولویت‌های انتخابی دانشجویان و ظرفیت پذیرش تفاوت معنی‌دار وجود دارد(05/0˂p). یافته‌ها نشان داد بین گرایش دانشجویان پزشکی در انتخاب رشته تخصصی و نیاز جامعه هماهنگی وجود ندارد. پیشنهاد می‌شود ضمن بررسی عوامل مؤثر در گرایش دانشجویان به رشته‌های تخصصی، راهکارهایی جهت راهنمایی و تشویق دانشجویان در انتخاب رشته‌های مورد نیاز ارائه گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Tendency of Senior Medical Students to choose a Specialty: The difference between what students want and what society needs

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdolhussein Shakurnia 1
  • Seyed Saeed Seyedian 2
  • Maryam Baniasad 3

1 Faculty Member, Department of Immunology, School of medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

2 Faculty Member, Department of Internal medicine, School of medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

3 Expert of Vice President of Research, School of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Choosing a medical specialty by students is an important issue because it has significant implications both for the composition and quality of the human resources required by the health care system. The purpose of this study was to investigate last year medical students' preferences of specialty choice and society’ needs in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. This descriptive-analytic study was carried out on a census sampling of last year medical students   during 2017-18. So then, data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed in a preliminary study. Moreover, data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics and SPSS-22 software. More than 50% (114/205) of medical students were candidates for three fields of radiology, ophthalmology, and dermatology, while the university's capacity for these courses was only 10% (16/154); and vice versa, applicants for three fields of emergency medicine, Internal medicine and pediatric with a capacity of 37% (55/154) were only 3% (6/205) of the students applying for these courses. According to the Chi-square test, statistically significant differences were   observed between the specialty choice priorities of medical students and the capacity of specialized fields (p < 0.05).  In addition, the findings showed no coordination between the tendency of medical students to specialty choice and the society’ requests.  Therefore, while determining the factors affecting students' tendency towards specialized courses, it is recommended to provide guidance and encouragement in selecting the desired fields.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Specialty choice
  • Medical students
  • Needs society
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