نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• محمد حسن زاده امیری ¹
• هادی رزقی شیرسوار ²
• خدیجه خانزادی ²

¹ دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران

² عضو هیئت علمی، گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر شناسایی شاخص های اصلی تاثیرگذار و تاثیرپذیر الگوی تعامل سازنده کانون های دانش آفرین دانشگاه و صنعت در ایران می باشد.
روش: این تحقیق، از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر شیوه گردآوری داده های توصیفی پیمایشی با رویکرد تفسیری ساختاری(ISM) می باشد. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه مدیران، کارشناسان حوزه ارتباط صنعت و دانشگاه و متخصصان دانشگاهی تعیین شد. مشارکت کنندگان مطالعه حاضر، 12 تن از مدیران، سیاست گذاران و متخصصان دانشگاهی حوزه تعامل صنعت و دانشگاه بودند، که بطور هدفمند برای مشارکت در این پژوهش دعوت به همکاری شدند. ابزار گردآوری پرسشنامه محقق ساخته و  روش گردآوری داده‌ها در این بخش نیز ، مبتنی بر تکمیل پرسش‌نامه‌های تنظیمی بود که سؤال‌های آن‌ها به‌صورت بسته  پاسخ ارائه شدند.
یافته ها: نتایج حاصل از اجرای پژوهش نشان داد  25 عامل بر تعامل سازنده کانون های دانش آفرین دانشگاه و صنعت در ایران اثرگذار می باشد. بر این اساس تنها معیار «تضمین توسعه پایدار» از نوع معیارهای مستقل هستند. این متغیر دارای وابستگی کم و هدایت (نفوذ) بالا می­باشند به عبارتی دیگر تاثیرگذاری بالا و تاثیرپذیری کم از ویژگی­های این متغیرها است. بقیه معیارها از نوع رابط هستند این متغیرها از وابستگی بالا و قدرت هدایت بالا برخوردارند به عبارتی تاثیرگذاری و تاثیرپذیری این معیارها بسیار بالاست و هر تغییر کوچکی بر روی این متغیرها باعث تغییرات اساسی در سیستم می­شود.
نتیجه گیری: سطوح به دست آمده در مدل ISM نشان داده اند که دو شاخص« رشد کسب و کار و تضمین توسعه پایدار» در سطح یک و به عنوان «شاخص های نتیجه ای» مدل مطرحند که این امر توجه ویژه مسئولان و سیاست گذاران صنعت و دانشگاه و دستگاه های مرتبط را به این معیارها می طلبد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• تعامل سازنده
• کانون های دانش آفرین
• دانشگاه
• صنعت

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying the main influential indicators of the model of constructive interaction of knowledge-creating centers of universities and industry in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

• mohammad hasanzade amiri ¹
• hadi rezghi shirsavar ²
• khadije khanzadi ²

¹ PhD student, Department of Education Management, Garmsar Unit, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran

² Faculty member, Educational Management Department, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran

چکیده [English]

Porpose: The purpose of the current research is to identify the main effective and influential indicators of the constructive interaction model of knowledge-creating centers of universities and industry in Iran.
Methodology: This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of the method of collecting descriptive survey data with structural interpretation approach (ISM). The statistical population included all managers, experts in the field of industry and university relations, and academic specialists. The participants of the present study were 12 managers, policy makers and academic experts in the field of industry-university interaction, who were purposefully invited to participate in this research. The questionnaire collection tool was made by the researcher and the data collection method in this section was also based on completing regulatory questionnaires whose questions were presented in the form of answer packets.
Findings: The results of the research showed that 25 factors have an effect on the constructive interaction of knowledge-creating centers of universities and industry in Iran. Based on this, the only criteria of "guaranteeing sustainable development" are independent criteria. These variables have low dependence and high influence, in other words, high influence and low influence are the characteristics of these variables. The rest of the criteria are of the interface type, these variables have high dependence and high guiding power, in other words, the effectiveness and effectiveness of these criteria is very high, and any small change on these variables causes fundamental changes in the system.
Conclusion: The levels obtained in the ISM model have shown that the two indicators of "business growth and guaranteeing sustainable development" are at the first level and as "outcome indicators" of the model, which is the special attention of industry officials and policy makers. And demands the university and related institutions to these standards.
Identifying the main influential indicators of the model of constructive interaction of knowledge-creating centers of universities and industry in Iran
Introduction: Introduction: The aim of the current research is to identify the main influential indicators of the constructive interaction pattern of knowledge-creating centers of universities and industry in Iran. This research is applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of the method of collecting descriptive data, a survey with a structural interpretive approach (ISM). The statistical population included all managers, experts in the field of industry and university relations, and academic specialists. The participants of the present study were 12 managers, policy makers and academic experts in the field of industry-university interaction, who were purposefully invited to participate in this research. The questionnaire collection tool was made by the researcher and the data collection method in this section was also based on completing regulatory questionnaires whose questions were presented in the form of answer packets.
The results of the research showed that 25 factors have an effect on the constructive interaction of knowledge-creating centers of universities and industry in Iran. Based on this, the only criteria of "guaranteeing sustainable development" are independent criteria. These variables have low dependence and high influence, in other words, high influence and low influence are the characteristics of these variables. The rest of the criteria are of the interface type, these variables have high dependence and high guiding power, in other words, the effectiveness and effectiveness of these criteria is very high, and any small change on these variables causes fundamental changes in the system.
Methodology: The ideals and objectives of research and research of any country are a function of the ideals and objectives of the society in which the research is carried out. Therefore, since research has a high position in our value system, the structure of its research system is also of special importance. The need for a correct and logical relationship between industries and universities is agreed by all experts, and industries need an unbreakable relationship with universities and research centers to increase efficiency. Today, it is necessary to create a link between the industry and the university that can facilitate the transfer of the achievements and production concepts of the university to the industry, and on the other hand, it is necessary to transfer the needs and problems of the industry to the university in order to find solutions or meet the needs in a systematic way. In any industry, reducing production costs and thus increasing profits and maintaining the global sales market is a main goal. Achieving this goal only by conducting research, which means using human intelligence to solve problems and innovations, is the main pillar for industrial progress. Universities and research centers, as the center of thinking minds of a society, are the natural place of research in any society. These centers are able to deeply examine issues and problems and provide solutions by using scientific methods and by means of their capable human resources. Conducting research and education in the fields of sustainable development can ultimately lead to a more sustainable society. Although there are some good developments in the implementation of sustainable development, few of them have been applied in integrated ways. In fact, by emphasizing the increasing role of knowledge-creating centers of higher education institutions in the society as well as the processes of sustainable development, researchers consider the mission of universities beyond the role of training new technicians and leaders. Studies confirm that two percent of the world's population participates in higher education, but more than 80 percent of decision makers in industry, society, and politics are graduates of universities and research institutes affiliated with it. Institutions of higher education can be considered as a small city that, due to their actions, have a great impact on their environment by interacting with the environment inside and outside the university. The mission of knowledge-creating centers is to cultivate citizens who are able to think, analyze and criticize the surrounding reality, are able to perform dynamic citizenship and mutual respect, and can learn continuously. The mission of universities today goes beyond the role of training new technicians and leaders. Paying attention to integrity, justice, respect, flexibility to create human well-being, reducing the negative effects of society for future generations, protecting and well-being of humans, and restoring ecological systems are among the duties of centers and knowledge-creating institutions. The university considers itself responsible for improving environmental performance such as teaching, research, engagement, operations and leadership; Also, the university needs to influence the environment outside its boundaries and pay attention to social justice. With this description in this study, the knowledge-creating centers of the university can be divided into departments including "innovation centers, accelerators, entrepreneurship centers, growth centers, technology cores, science and technology parks, centers and scientific associations. and research" introduced.
Findings: The aim of the present research is a survey with a structural interpretive approach (ISM) in terms of practical purpose and in terms of the method of collecting descriptive data. The statistical population related to this department was determined based on the subject of the research, the ability of people to respond and their potential and actual role in the constructive interaction of the knowledge-creating centers of the university and industry, all managers, experts in the field of industry-university relations, and academic specialists. The participants of the present study were 12 managers, policy makers and academic experts in the field of industry-university interaction, who were purposefully invited to participate in this research. In this research, the purposeful sampling method was used. In such a way that the closed-ended questionnaire in the form of a matrix was provided to industry and university experts. The criterion of expertise at this stage will be the legitimacy of the expert. In fact, the method of data collection in this section will be based on completing regulatory questionnaires, whose questions are presented in the form of answer packets, so that the speed and ease of answering is desired. After identifying the underlying indicators of the constructive interaction model of the knowledge-creating centers of the university and industry, an nxn square matrix of the existing indicators was designed. This matrix is actually the same as the ISM questionnaire.
Conclusion: The levels obtained in the ISM model have shown that the two indicators of "business growth and guaranteeing sustainable development" are at the first level and as "result indicators" of the model, which is the special attention of officials and policy makers of industry and universities. It requires related devices to these standards. In the second level, there are factors such as innovative and entrepreneurial growth, growth factors, types of financial support, providing legal services, communication factors, and interlopers within the industry system, collaborative interlopers, and factors related to knowledge centers and environmental necessity factors. Agents will play a role as enabling agents in this constructive interaction. In the third level, the driving factors of this constructive interaction include factors such as political factors, reforming university educational programs, definition of joint projects with industry, strengthening of intermediary institutions and joint chapters, alignment of knowledge-creating centers in relation to surrounding industries, creation of market environments based on Innovation, government measures, culture building, architecture of constructive interaction, political strategies, knowledge-based strategies, system of interactive elements, transformational-developmental strategies, maintaining the agency of knowledge-creating centers of universities and industry. Paying attention to these indicators are suggested as necessary and effective conditions for the realization of constructive interaction between university and industry knowledge-creating centers. In the following, the results of Mick Mack analysis showed that no indicators were observed in the autonomous variables section. This problem indicates that all the indicators used in this article play an important role in the formation of interaction between the knowledge-creating centers of the university and industry. On the other hand, the above achievement means that all the criteria of the model are functional, that is, there is no criterion that does not affect this constructive interaction among the selected criteria in the model. In the link variables section, indicators such as "business growth, growth factors, interlopers within the industry system, innovative and entrepreneurial growth, types of financial support, communication factors, maintaining the agency of academic centers of universities and industry, interaction architecture Constructive, culture-building, reforming university educational programs, system of interactive elements, alignment of knowledge-creating centers in relation to surrounding industries, architecture of constructive interaction and government measures. These indicators are included in the category of the most key indicators, because they have both high influencing power and influencing power. According to the studies and rules of structural interpretive modeling, the aforementioned indicators are unstable, because any small incident on their part can affect the performance of other indicators or even themselves. These criteria form the core of the constructive interaction between science and industry knowledge centers. In the independent variables section, only the index of "guaranteeing sustainable development" was found. The indicators that were included in the category of independent indicators can be classified as the most important indicators of the constructive interaction of academic centers of the university and industry. It seems that the policy makers and leaders of this interaction should take basic steps in achieving the mentioned factors, in order to achieve this constructive interaction, because this indicator has a high power in influencing other indicators.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• constructive interaction
• knowledge-creating centers
• university
• industry